func TestTypeSystem_DefinitionExample_StringifiesSimpleTypes(t *testing.T) {

	type Test struct {
		ttype    graphql.Type
		expected string
	}
	tests := []Test{
		Test{graphql.Int, "Int"},
		Test{blogArticle, "Article"},
		Test{interfaceType, "Interface"},
		Test{unionType, "Union"},
		Test{enumType, "Enum"},
		Test{inputObjectType, "InputObject"},
		Test{graphql.NewNonNull(graphql.Int), "Int!"},
		Test{graphql.NewList(graphql.Int), "[Int]"},
		Test{graphql.NewNonNull(graphql.NewList(graphql.Int)), "[Int]!"},
		Test{graphql.NewList(graphql.NewNonNull(graphql.Int)), "[Int!]"},
		Test{graphql.NewList(graphql.NewList(graphql.Int)), "[[Int]]"},
	}
	for _, test := range tests {
		ttypeStr := fmt.Sprintf("%v", test.ttype)
		if ttypeStr != test.expected {
			t.Fatalf(`expected %v , got: %v`, test.expected, ttypeStr)
		}
	}
}

func TestTypeSystem_ObjectsMustAdhereToInterfaceTheyImplement_AcceptsAnObjectWithAnEquivalentlyModifiedInterfaceField(t *testing.T) {
	anotherInterface := graphql.NewInterface(graphql.InterfaceConfig{
		Name: "AnotherInterface",
		ResolveType: func(value interface{}, info graphql.ResolveInfo) *graphql.Object {
			return nil
		},
		Fields: graphql.FieldConfigMap{
			"field": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.NewNonNull(graphql.NewList(graphql.String)),
			},
		},
	})
	anotherObject := graphql.NewObject(graphql.ObjectConfig{
		Name:       "AnotherObject",
		Interfaces: []*graphql.Interface{anotherInterface},
		Fields: graphql.FieldConfigMap{
			"field": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.NewNonNull(graphql.NewList(graphql.String)),
			},
		},
	})
	_, err := schemaWithObjectFieldOfType(anotherObject)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf(`unexpected error: %v for type "%v"`, err, anotherObject)
	}
}

func withModifiers(ttypes []graphql.Type) []graphql.Type {
	res := ttypes
	for _, ttype := range ttypes {
		res = append(res, graphql.NewList(ttype))
	}
	for _, ttype := range ttypes {
		res = append(res, graphql.NewNonNull(ttype))
	}
	for _, ttype := range ttypes {
		res = append(res, graphql.NewNonNull(graphql.NewList(ttype)))
	}
	return res
}

func TestLists_NullableListOfNonNullObjects_ContainsNull(t *testing.T) {
	ttype := graphql.NewList(graphql.NewNonNull(graphql.Int))
	data := []interface{}{
		1, nil, 2,
	}
	expected := &graphql.Result{
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"nest": map[string]interface{}{
				"test": nil,
			},
		},
		Errors: []gqlerrors.FormattedError{
			gqlerrors.FormattedError{
				Message: "Cannot return null for non-nullable field DataType.test.",
				Locations: []location.SourceLocation{
					location.SourceLocation{
						Line:   1,
						Column: 10,
					},
				},
			},
		},
	}
	checkList(t, ttype, data, expected)
}

func TestTypeSystem_ListMustAcceptGraphQLTypes_RejectsANilTypeAsItemTypeOfList(t *testing.T) {
	result := graphql.NewList(nil)
	expectedError := `Can only create List of a Type but got: <nil>.`
	if result.GetError() == nil || result.GetError().Error() != expectedError {
		t.Fatalf("Expected error: %v, got %v", expectedError, result.GetError())
	}
}

func TestLists_NonNullListOfNonNullArrayOfFunc_ContainsNulls(t *testing.T) {
	ttype := graphql.NewNonNull(graphql.NewList(graphql.NewNonNull(graphql.Int)))

	// `data` is a slice of functions that return values
	// Note that its uses the expected signature `func() interface{} {...}`
	data := []interface{}{
		func() interface{} {
			return 1
		},
		func() interface{} {
			return nil
		},
		func() interface{} {
			return 2
		},
	}
	expected := &graphql.Result{
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"nest": map[string]interface{}{
				"test": []interface{}{
					1, nil, 2,
				},
			},
		},
	}
	checkList(t, ttype, data, expected)
}

func TestTypeSystem_DefinitionExample_IdentifiesOutputTypes(t *testing.T) {
	type Test struct {
		ttype    graphql.Type
		expected bool
	}
	tests := []Test{
		Test{graphql.Int, true},
		Test{objectType, true},
		Test{interfaceType, true},
		Test{unionType, true},
		Test{enumType, true},
		Test{inputObjectType, false},
	}
	for _, test := range tests {
		ttypeStr := fmt.Sprintf("%v", test.ttype)
		if graphql.IsOutputType(test.ttype) != test.expected {
			t.Fatalf(`expected %v , got: %v`, test.expected, ttypeStr)
		}
		if graphql.IsOutputType(graphql.NewList(test.ttype)) != test.expected {
			t.Fatalf(`expected %v , got: %v`, test.expected, ttypeStr)
		}
		if graphql.IsOutputType(graphql.NewNonNull(test.ttype)) != test.expected {
			t.Fatalf(`expected %v , got: %v`, test.expected, ttypeStr)
		}
	}
}

func TestLists_NonNullListOfNonNullFunc_ReturnsNull(t *testing.T) {
	ttype := graphql.NewNonNull(graphql.NewList(graphql.NewNonNull(graphql.Int)))

	// `data` is a function that return values
	// Note that its uses the expected signature `func() interface{} {...}`
	data := func() interface{} {
		return nil
	}
	expected := &graphql.Result{
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"nest": nil,
		},
		Errors: []gqlerrors.FormattedError{
			gqlerrors.FormattedError{
				Message: "Cannot return null for non-nullable field DataType.test.",
				Locations: []location.SourceLocation{
					location.SourceLocation{
						Line:   1,
						Column: 10,
					},
				},
			},
		},
	}
	checkList(t, ttype, data, expected)
}

func TestTypeSystem_NonNullMustAcceptGraphQLTypes_AcceptsAnTypeAsNullableTypeOfNonNull(t *testing.T) {
	nullableTypes := []graphql.Type{
		graphql.String,
		someScalarType,
		someObjectType,
		someUnionType,
		someInterfaceType,
		someEnumType,
		someInputObject,
		graphql.NewList(graphql.String),
		graphql.NewList(graphql.NewNonNull(graphql.String)),
	}
	for _, ttype := range nullableTypes {
		result := graphql.NewNonNull(ttype)
		if result.GetError() != nil {
			t.Fatalf(`unexpected error: %v for type "%v"`, result.GetError(), ttype)
		}
	}
}

func TestLists_ListOfNullableObjects_ReturnsNull(t *testing.T) {
	ttype := graphql.NewList(graphql.Int)
	expected := &graphql.Result{
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"nest": map[string]interface{}{
				"test": nil,
			},
		},
	}
	checkList(t, ttype, nil, expected)
}

func TestTypeSystem_ListMustAcceptGraphQLTypes_AcceptsAnTypeAsItemTypeOfList(t *testing.T) {
	testTypes := withModifiers([]graphql.Type{
		graphql.String,
		someScalarType,
		someEnumType,
		someObjectType,
		someUnionType,
		someInterfaceType,
	})
	for _, ttype := range testTypes {
		result := graphql.NewList(ttype)
		if result.GetError() != nil {
			t.Fatalf(`unexpected error: %v for type "%v"`, result.GetError(), ttype)
		}
	}
}

func TestLists_ListOfNullableObjects_ContainsNull(t *testing.T) {
	ttype := graphql.NewList(graphql.Int)
	data := []interface{}{
		1, nil, 2,
	}
	expected := &graphql.Result{
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"nest": map[string]interface{}{
				"test": []interface{}{
					1, nil, 2,
				},
			},
		},
	}
	checkList(t, ttype, data, expected)
}

// Describe [T!]! Array<T>
func TestLists_NonNullListOfNonNullObjects_ContainsValues(t *testing.T) {
	ttype := graphql.NewNonNull(graphql.NewList(graphql.NewNonNull(graphql.Int)))
	data := []interface{}{
		1, 2,
	}
	expected := &graphql.Result{
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"nest": map[string]interface{}{
				"test": []interface{}{
					1, 2,
				},
			},
		},
	}
	checkList(t, ttype, data, expected)
}

func TestLists_NullableListOfNonNullFunc_ReturnsNull(t *testing.T) {
	ttype := graphql.NewList(graphql.NewNonNull(graphql.Int))

	// `data` is a function that return values
	// Note that its uses the expected signature `func() interface{} {...}`
	data := func() interface{} {
		return nil
	}
	expected := &graphql.Result{
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"nest": map[string]interface{}{
				"test": nil,
			},
		},
	}
	checkList(t, ttype, data, expected)
}

// Describe [T] Func()Array<T> // equivalent to Promise<Array<T>>
func TestLists_ListOfNullableFunc_ContainsValues(t *testing.T) {
	ttype := graphql.NewList(graphql.Int)

	// `data` is a function that return values
	// Note that its uses the expected signature `func() interface{} {...}`
	data := func() interface{} {
		return []interface{}{
			1, 2,
		}
	}
	expected := &graphql.Result{
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"nest": map[string]interface{}{
				"test": []interface{}{
					1, 2,
				},
			},
		},
	}
	checkList(t, ttype, data, expected)
}

func TestUnionIntersectionTypes_GetsExecutionInfoInResolver(t *testing.T) {

	var encounteredSchema *graphql.Schema
	var encounteredRootValue interface{}

	var personType2 *graphql.Object

	namedType2 := graphql.NewInterface(graphql.InterfaceConfig{
		Name: "Named",
		Fields: graphql.FieldConfigMap{
			"name": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.String,
			},
		},
		ResolveType: func(value interface{}, info graphql.ResolveInfo) *graphql.Object {
			encounteredSchema = &info.Schema
			encounteredRootValue = info.RootValue
			return personType2
		},
	})

	personType2 = graphql.NewObject(graphql.ObjectConfig{
		Name: "Person",
		Interfaces: []*graphql.Interface{
			namedType2,
		},
		Fields: graphql.FieldConfigMap{
			"name": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.String,
			},
			"friends": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.NewList(namedType2),
			},
		},
	})

	schema2, _ := graphql.NewSchema(graphql.SchemaConfig{
		Query: personType2,
	})

	john2 := &testPerson{
		Name: "John",
		Friends: []testNamedType{
			liz,
		},
	}

	doc := `{ name, friends { name } }`
	expected := &graphql.Result{
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"name": "John",
			"friends": []interface{}{
				map[string]interface{}{
					"name": "Liz",
				},
			},
		},
	}
	// parse query
	ast := testutil.TestParse(t, doc)

	// execute
	ep := graphql.ExecuteParams{
		Schema: schema2,
		AST:    ast,
		Root:   john2,
	}
	result := testutil.TestExecute(t, ep)
	if len(result.Errors) != len(expected.Errors) {
		t.Fatalf("Unexpected errors, Diff: %v", testutil.Diff(expected.Errors, result.Errors))
	}
	if !reflect.DeepEqual(expected, result) {
		t.Fatalf("Unexpected result, Diff: %v", testutil.Diff(expected, result))
	}
}

			return dogType
		}
		return nil
	},
})
var personType = graphql.NewObject(graphql.ObjectConfig{
	Name: "Person",
	Interfaces: []*graphql.Interface{
		namedType,
	},
	Fields: graphql.FieldConfigMap{
		"name": &graphql.FieldConfig{
			Type: graphql.String,
		},
		"pets": &graphql.FieldConfig{
			Type: graphql.NewList(petType),
		},
		"friends": &graphql.FieldConfig{
			Type: graphql.NewList(namedType),
		},
	},
	IsTypeOf: func(value interface{}, info graphql.ResolveInfo) bool {
		_, ok := value.(*testPerson)
		return ok
	},
})

var unionInterfaceTestSchema, _ = graphql.NewSchema(graphql.SchemaConfig{
	Query: personType,
})

func TestIntrospection_ExecutesAnInputObject(t *testing.T) {

	testInputObject := graphql.NewInputObject(graphql.InputObjectConfig{
		Name: "TestInputObject",
		Fields: graphql.InputObjectConfigFieldMap{
			"a": &graphql.InputObjectFieldConfig{
				Type:         graphql.String,
				DefaultValue: "foo",
			},
			"b": &graphql.InputObjectFieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.NewList(graphql.String),
			},
		},
	})
	testType := graphql.NewObject(graphql.ObjectConfig{
		Name: "TestType",
		Fields: graphql.FieldConfigMap{
			"field": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.String,
				Args: graphql.FieldConfigArgument{
					"complex": &graphql.ArgumentConfig{
						Type: testInputObject,
					},
				},
				Resolve: func(p graphql.GQLFRParams) interface{} {
					return p.Args["complex"]
				},
			},
		},
	})
	schema, err := graphql.NewSchema(graphql.SchemaConfig{
		Query: testType,
	})
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Error creating Schema: %v", err.Error())
	}
	query := `
      {
        __schema {
          types {
            kind
            name
            inputFields {
              name
              type { ...TypeRef }
              defaultValue
            }
          }
        }
      }

      fragment TypeRef on __Type {
        kind
        name
        ofType {
          kind
          name
          ofType {
            kind
            name
            ofType {
              kind
              name
            }
          }
        }
      }
    `
	expectedDataSubSet := map[string]interface{}{
		"__schema": map[string]interface{}{
			"types": []interface{}{
				map[string]interface{}{
					"kind": "INPUT_OBJECT",
					"name": "TestInputObject",
					"inputFields": []interface{}{
						map[string]interface{}{
							"name": "a",
							"type": map[string]interface{}{
								"kind":   "SCALAR",
								"name":   "String",
								"ofType": nil,
							},
							"defaultValue": `"foo"`,
						},
						map[string]interface{}{
							"name": "b",
							"type": map[string]interface{}{
								"kind": "LIST",
								"name": nil,
								"ofType": map[string]interface{}{
									"kind":   "SCALAR",
									"name":   "String",
									"ofType": nil,
								},
							},
							"defaultValue": nil,
						},
					},
				},
			},
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

func TestResolveTypeOnUnionYieldsUsefulError(t *testing.T) {

	humanType := graphql.NewObject(graphql.ObjectConfig{
		Name: "Human",
		Fields: graphql.FieldConfigMap{
			"name": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.String,
				Resolve: func(p graphql.GQLFRParams) interface{} {
					if human, ok := p.Source.(*testHuman); ok {
						return human.Name
					}
					return nil
				},
			},
		},
	})
	dogType := graphql.NewObject(graphql.ObjectConfig{
		Name: "Dog",
		IsTypeOf: func(value interface{}, info graphql.ResolveInfo) bool {
			_, ok := value.(*testDog)
			return ok
		},
		Fields: graphql.FieldConfigMap{
			"name": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.String,
				Resolve: func(p graphql.GQLFRParams) interface{} {
					if dog, ok := p.Source.(*testDog); ok {
						return dog.Name
					}
					return nil
				},
			},
			"woofs": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.Boolean,
				Resolve: func(p graphql.GQLFRParams) interface{} {
					if dog, ok := p.Source.(*testDog); ok {
						return dog.Woofs
					}
					return nil
				},
			},
		},
	})
	catType := graphql.NewObject(graphql.ObjectConfig{
		Name: "Cat",
		IsTypeOf: func(value interface{}, info graphql.ResolveInfo) bool {
			_, ok := value.(*testCat)
			return ok
		},
		Fields: graphql.FieldConfigMap{
			"name": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.String,
				Resolve: func(p graphql.GQLFRParams) interface{} {
					if cat, ok := p.Source.(*testCat); ok {
						return cat.Name
					}
					return nil
				},
			},
			"meows": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.Boolean,
				Resolve: func(p graphql.GQLFRParams) interface{} {
					if cat, ok := p.Source.(*testCat); ok {
						return cat.Meows
					}
					return nil
				},
			},
		},
	})
	petType := graphql.NewUnion(graphql.UnionConfig{
		Name: "Pet",
		Types: []*graphql.Object{
			dogType, catType,
		},
		ResolveType: func(value interface{}, info graphql.ResolveInfo) *graphql.Object {
			if _, ok := value.(*testCat); ok {
				return catType
			}
			if _, ok := value.(*testDog); ok {
				return dogType
			}
			if _, ok := value.(*testHuman); ok {
				return humanType
			}
			return nil
		},
	})
	schema, err := graphql.NewSchema(graphql.SchemaConfig{
		Query: graphql.NewObject(graphql.ObjectConfig{
			Name: "Query",
			Fields: graphql.FieldConfigMap{
				"pets": &graphql.FieldConfig{
					Type: graphql.NewList(petType),
					Resolve: func(p graphql.GQLFRParams) interface{} {
						return []interface{}{
							&testDog{"Odie", true},
							&testCat{"Garfield", false},
							&testHuman{"Jon"},
						}
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

func TestExecutesUsingAComplexSchema(t *testing.T) {

	johnSmith = &testAuthor{
		Id:   123,
		Name: "John Smith",
		Pic: func(width string, height string) *testPic {
			return getPic(123, width, height)
		},
		RecentArticle: article("1"),
	}

	blogImage := graphql.NewObject(graphql.ObjectConfig{
		Name: "Image",
		Fields: graphql.FieldConfigMap{
			"url": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.String,
			},
			"width": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.Int,
			},
			"height": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.Int,
			},
		},
	})
	blogAuthor := graphql.NewObject(graphql.ObjectConfig{
		Name: "Author",
		Fields: graphql.FieldConfigMap{
			"id": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.String,
			},
			"name": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.String,
			},
			"pic": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: blogImage,
				Args: graphql.FieldConfigArgument{
					"width": &graphql.ArgumentConfig{
						Type: graphql.Int,
					},
					"height": &graphql.ArgumentConfig{
						Type: graphql.Int,
					},
				},
				Resolve: func(p graphql.GQLFRParams) interface{} {
					if author, ok := p.Source.(*testAuthor); ok {
						width := fmt.Sprintf("%v", p.Args["width"])
						height := fmt.Sprintf("%v", p.Args["height"])
						return author.Pic(width, height)
					}
					return nil
				},
			},
			"recentArticle": &graphql.FieldConfig{},
		},
	})
	blogArticle := graphql.NewObject(graphql.ObjectConfig{
		Name: "Article",
		Fields: graphql.FieldConfigMap{
			"id": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.NewNonNull(graphql.String),
			},
			"isPublished": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.Boolean,
			},
			"author": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: blogAuthor,
			},
			"title": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.String,
			},
			"body": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.String,
			},
			"keywords": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: graphql.NewList(graphql.String),
			},
		},
	})

	blogAuthor.AddFieldConfig("recentArticle", &graphql.FieldConfig{
		Type: blogArticle,
	})

	blogQuery := graphql.NewObject(graphql.ObjectConfig{
		Name: "Query",
		Fields: graphql.FieldConfigMap{
			"article": &graphql.FieldConfig{
				Type: blogArticle,
				Args: graphql.FieldConfigArgument{
					"id": &graphql.ArgumentConfig{
						Type: graphql.ID,
					},
				},
				Resolve: func(p graphql.GQLFRParams) interface{} {
					id := p.Args["id"]
					return article(id)
				},
			},
			"feed": &graphql.FieldConfig{
//.........这里部分代码省略.........